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Passive range of motion exercises are typically performed by healthcare professionals who have received specialized training, such as doctors or physical therapists. These exercises are designed to help maintain or improve joint flexibility and muscle function, especially in patients who are unable to move their own limbs due to conditions such as paralysis, severe injury, or surgery recovery.

Professionals like physical therapists are educated in anatomy and the proper techniques to safely perform these exercises without causing injury. They understand the specific range of motion required for each joint, the limits of a patient's ability, and how to adapt movements to meet individual needs. This careful approach is crucial to prevent complications such as muscle atrophy, stiffness, or increased pain.

While certified nursing assistants can provide basic care and assist patients with mobility, their training does not typically encompass the advanced skills needed to deliver passive range of motion therapy safely. Similarly, family members and medical students may not have the necessary training to perform these exercises safely and effectively. Therefore, relying on qualified healthcare providers is essential for ensuring the best outcomes during passive range of motion exercises.